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Lipoamidedehydrogenase (or diaphorase) catalyzes the following reaction: Lipoamide + NADH + H+ ? Dihydrolipoamide + NAD+. The enzyme occurs in mammalian and microbial cells and it catalyzes a number of reactions which involve NAD+ or NADH. Lipoamidedehydrogenase from porcine heart contains two polypeptide chains which are similar. It has two molecules of tightly bound flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). The molecular weight of the porcine heart enzyme is between 100,000 and 114,000. Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: NADH: lipoamide oxidoreductase; EC 1.6.4.3; LipoamideDehydrogenase; LD. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 1.6.4.3. LD. Mole weight: 100-114 kDa. Activity: 25 U/mg protein. Stability: Store at -20°C (-4°F). Form: Freeze-dried powder. Source: Porcine Heart. Species: Porcine. NADH: lipoamide oxidoreductase; EC 1.6.4.3; LipoamideDehydrogenase; LD. Cat No: NATE-0894.
3-Acetylpyridine Adenine Dinucleotide (APAD)
APAD is an NAD analog with higher oxidation potential than NAD. It can substitute for NAD as a hydrogen-accepting cofactor in many dehydrogenase reactions; e.g. lactate dehydrogenase from Toxoplasma, Clonorchis, and Plasmodium, bacterial lipoamidedehydrogenase, as well as mammalian dehydrogenases. It can also act as a proton acceptor in various transhydrogenation reactions with NADH or NADPH. Group: Biochemicals. Alternative Names: APAD; adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), P?5-ester with 3-acetyl-1- β -D-ribofuranosyl pyridinium , inner salt. Grades: Purified. CAS No. 86-08-8. Pack Sizes: 10mg, 25mg, 50mg, 100mg, 250mg. Molecular Formula: C22H28N6O14P2, Molecular Weight: 662.44. US Biological Life Sciences.
3-Acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide is an NAD analog with higher oxidation potential than NAD. It can substitute for NAD as a hydrogen-accepting cofactor in many dehydrogenase reactions. For example lactate dehydrogenase from Toxoplasma, Clonorchis, and Plasmodium, bacterial lipoamidedehydrogenase, as well as mammalian dehydrogenases. This compound can also act as a proton acceptor in various transhydrogenation reactions with NADH or NADPH. Group: Coenzymes. Synonyms: aldehyde reductase; ADH; alcohol dehydrogenase (NAD); aliphatic alcohol dehydrogenase; ethanol dehydrogenase; NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase; NA. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 1.1.1.1. CAS No. 1986-8-8. Purity: Determined by increase in absorbance at 363 nm on enzymatic reduction with ADH* at pH 10.0 > 92% *ADH = Alcohol dehydrogenase (Horse liver) (EC 1.1.1.1.). APAD. Mole weight: 662.44. Storage: Keep tightly stoppered in the dark below 5°C. Moisture will reduce the purity. For prolonged storage, keep below-20°C. aldehyde reductase; ADH; alcohol dehydrogenase (NAD); aliphatic alcohol dehydrogenase; ethanol dehydrogenase; NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase; NAD-specific aromatic alcohol dehydrogenase; NADH-alcohol dehydrogenase; NADH-aldehyde dehydrogenase; primary alcohol dehydrogenase; yeast alcohol dehydrogenase; EC 1.1.1.1; APAD. Cat No: NATE-0077.
Contains thiamine diphosphate. It acts not only on 3-methyl-2-oxobutanaoate, but also on 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate and (S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, so that it acts on the 2-oxo acids that derive from the action of transaminases on valine, leucine and isoleucine. It is a component of the multienzyme 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase complex in which multiple copies of it are bound to a core of molecules of EC 2.3.1.168, dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase, which also binds multiple copies of EC 1.8.1.4, dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase. It does not act on free lipoamide or lipoyllysine, but only on the lipoyllysine residue in EC 2.3.1.168. Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: 2-oxoisocaproate dehydrogenase; 2-oxoisovalerate (lipoate) dehydrogenase; 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (lipoamide); 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate:lipoamide oxidoreductase (decarboxylating and acceptor-2-methylpropanoylating); α-keto-α-methylvalerate dehydrogenase; α. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 1.2.4.4. CAS No. 9082-72-8. Storage: Store it at +4 ?C for short term. For long term storage, store it at -20 ?C?-80 ?C. Form: Liquid or lyophilized powder. EXWM-1219; 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (2-methylpropanoyl-transferring); EC 1.2.4.4; 9082-72-8; 2-oxoisocaproate dehydrogenase; 2-oxoisovalerate (lipo
A mitochondrial enzyme associated with the 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase complex. Simultaneously dephosphorylates and activates EC 1.2.4.4 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (2-methylpropanoyl-transferring), that has been inactivated by phosphorylation. Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: branched-chain oxo-acid dehydrogenase phosphatase; branched-chain 2-keto acid dehydrogenase phosphatase; branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase phosphatase; BCKDH; [3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)]-phosphatase; [3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)]-phosphate phosphohydrolase. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 3.1.3.52. CAS No. 87244-20-0, 88086-29-7. Storage: Store it at +4 ?C for short term. For long term storage, store it at -20 ?C?-80 ?C. Form: Liquid or lyophilized powder. EXWM-3657; [3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (2-methylpropanoyl-transferring)]-phosphatase; EC 3.1.3.52; 87244-20-0, 88086-29-7; branched-chain oxo-acid dehydrogenase phosphatase; branched-chain 2-keto acid dehydrogenase phosphatase; branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase phosphatase; BCKDH; [3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)]-phosphatase; [3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)]-phosphate phosphohydrolase. Cat No: EXWM-3657.
Diaphorase 22 from Recombinant E.coli
A flavoprotein (FAD). A component of the multienzyme 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase complexes. In the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, it binds to the core of EC 2.3.1.12, dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase, and catalyses oxidation of its dihydrolipoyl groups. It plays a similar role in the oxoglutarate and 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase complexes. Another substrate is the dihydrolipoyl group in the H-protein of the glycine-cleavage system (click here for diagram), in which it acts, together with EC 1.4.4.2, glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), and EC 2.1.2.10, aminomethyltransferase, to break down glycine. It can also use free dihydrolipoate, dihydrolipoami...(NADH); lipoamide reductase; lipoamide reductase (NADH); lipoate dehydrogenase; lipoic acid dehydrogenase; lipoyl dehydrogenase; protein-6-N-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine:NAD+ oxidoreductase. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 1.8.1.4. CAS No. 9001-18-7. Diaphorase. Mole weight: ca. 110,000. Activity: >150 U/mg protein. Storage: Store at -20°C. Form: Lyophilized. Source: E. coli. LDP-Glc; LDP-Val; dehydrolipoate dehydrogenase; diaphorase; dihydrolipoamidedehydrogenase; dihydrolipoamide:NAD+ oxidoreductase; dihydrolipoic dehydrogenase; dihydrothioctic dehydrogenase; lipoamidedehydrogenase (NADH); lipoamide oxidoreductase (NADH); lipoamide reductase; lipoamide reductase (NADH); lipoate d
A flavoprotein (FAD). A component of the multienzyme 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase complexes. In the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, it binds to the core of EC 2.3.1.12, dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase, and catalyses oxidation of its dihydrolipoyl groups. It plays a similar role in the oxoglutarate and 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase complexes. Another substrate is the dihydrolipoyl group in the H-protein of the glycine-cleavage system (click here for diagram), in which it acts, together with EC 1.4.4.2, glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), and EC 2.1.2.10, aminomethyltransferase, to break down glycine. It can also use free dihydrolipoate, dihydrolipoamide or...tase (NADH); lipoamide reductase; lipoamide reductase (NADH); lipoate dehydrogenase; lipoic acid dehydrogenase; lipoyl dehydrogenase; protein-6-N-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine:NAD+ oxidoreductase. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 1.8.1.4. CAS No. 9001-18-7. Diaphorase. Storage: Store it at +4 ?C for short term. For long term storage, store it at -20 ?C?-80 ?C. Form: Liquid or lyophilized powder. EXWM-1648; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase; EC 1.8.1.4; 9001-18-7; LDP-Glc; LDP-Val; dehydrolipoate dehydrogenase; diaphorase; dihydrolipoamidedehydrogenase; dihydrolipoamide:NAD+ oxidoreductase; dihydrolipoic dehydrogenase; dihydrothioctic dehydrogenase; lipoamidedehydrogenase (NADH); lipoamide oxido
Native Clostridium kluyveri Diaphorase
Native Clostridium kluyveri Diaphorase. Applications: Diaphorase from clostridium kluyveri, or lipoyl dehydrogenase, has been used in a study to assess the protein-protein interactions in assembly of lipoic acid on the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenases of aerobic metabolism. lipoyl dehydrogenase has also been used in a study to investigate the redox regulation of tyrosine nitration and 3-nitrotyrosine reduction by antioxidants. Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: dehydrolipoate dehydrogenase; diaphorase; dihydrolipoamidedehydrogenase; dihydrolipoamide:NAD+ oxidoreductase; dihydrolipoic dehydrogenase; dihydrothioctic dehydrogenase; lipoamidedehydrogenase (NADH); lipoamide oxidoreductase (NADH); lipoamide reductase; lipo. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 1.8.1.4. CAS No. 9001-18-7. Diaphorase. Activity: 3.0-20.0 units/mg protein (biuret). Storage: Store at -20°C. Form: Lyophilized powder. Source: Clostridium kluyveri. dehydrolipoate dehydrogenase; diaphorase; dihydrolipoamidedehydrogenase; dihydrolipoamide:NAD+ oxidoreductase; dihydrolipoic dehydrogenase; dihydrothioctic dehydrogenase; lipoamidedehydrogenase (NADH); lipoamide oxidoreductase (NADH); lipoamide reductase; lipoamide reductase (NADH); lipoate dehydrogenase; lipoic acid dehydrogenase; lipoyl dehydrogenase; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase; EC 1.8.1.4; 9001-18-7; LipoamideDehydrogenase. Cat No: NATE-0875.
Native Porcine α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase
The oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDC) or α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex is an enzyme complex, most commonly known for its role in the citric acid cycle. Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: 2-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase; 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase; 2-oxoglutarate:lipoate oxidoreductase; 2-oxoglutarate:lipoamide 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating and acceptor-succinylating); α-k. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 1.2.4.2. CAS No. 9031-2-1. AKGDH. Activity: 0.1-1.0 units/mg protein (Lowry). Storage: -20°C. Form: buffered aqueous glycerol solution. Supplied as a 50% glycerol solution containing ~9 mg per mL bovine serum albumin, 30% sucrose, 1.5 mM EDTA, 1.5 mM EGTA, 1.5 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 0.3% TRITON(TM) X-100, 0.003% sodium azide, and 15 mM potassium phosphate, pH 6.8. Source: Porcine heart. Species: Porcine. 2-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase; 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase; 2-oxoglutarate:lipoate oxidoreductase; 2-oxoglutarate:lipoamide 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating and acceptor-succinylating); α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase; αketoglutaric acid dehydrogenase; α-ketoglutaric dehydrogenase; α-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase; AKGDH; OGDC; ketoglutaric dehydrogenase; oxoglutarate decarboxylase; oxoglutarate dehydrogenase; oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (lipoamide); EC 1.2.4.2; 9031-02-1. Cat No: NATE-0495.
Contains thiamine diphosphate. It is a component of the multienzyme 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex in which multiple copies of it are bound to a core of molecules of EC 2.3.1.61, dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase, which also binds multiple copies of EC 1.8.1.4, dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase. It does not act on free lipoamide or lipoyllysine, but only on the lipoyllysine residue in EC 2.3.1.61. Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: 2-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase; 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase; 2-oxoglutarate: lipoate oxidoreductase; 2-oxoglutarate:lipoamide 2-oxidored. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 1.2.4.2. CAS No. 9031-2-1. AKGDH. Storage: Store it at +4 ?C for short term. For long term storage, store it at -20 ?C?-80 ?C. Form: Liquid or lyophilized powder. EXWM-1218; oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (succinyl-transferring); EC 1.2.4.2; 9031-02-1; 2-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase; 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase; 2-oxoglutarate: lipoate oxidoreductase; 2-oxoglutarate:lipoamide 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating and acceptor-succinylating); α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase; αketoglutaric acid dehydrogenase; α-ketoglutaric dehydrogenase; α-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase; AKGDH; OGDC; ketoglutaric dehydrogenase; oxoglutarate decarboxylase; oxoglutarate dehydrogenase; oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (lipoamide). Cat No: EXWM-1218.
pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring)
Contains thiamine diphosphate. It is a component (in multiple copies) of the multienzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in which it is bound to a core of molecules of EC 2.3.1.12, dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase, which also binds multiple copies of EC 1.8.1.4, dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase. It does not act on free lipoamide or lipoyllysine, but only on the lipoyllysine residue in EC 2.3.1.12. Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: MtPDC (mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex); pyruvate decarboxylase; pyruvate dehydrogenase; pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide); pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; pyruvate:lipoamide 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating and acceptor-acetylating); pyruvic acid dehydrogenase; pyruvic dehydrogenase. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 1.2.4.1. CAS No. 9014-20-4. Storage: Store it at +4 ?C for short term. For long term storage, store it at -20 ?C?-80 ?C. Form: Liquid or lyophilized powder. EXWM-1217; pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring); EC 1.2.4.1; 9014-20-4; MtPDC (mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex); pyruvate decarboxylase; pyruvate dehydrogenase; pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide); pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; pyruvate:lipoamide 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating and acceptor-acetylating); pyruvic acid dehydrogenase; pyruvic dehydrogenase. Cat No: EXWM-1217.