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A cell permeable naphthalene derivative that promotes the translocation of ATF2 from nucleus to mitochondria via PKCe that results in mitochondrial membrane leakage and cell death in melanoma cells (WM793 and UACC903). Diminishes cell motility and anchorage-free growth in melanoma cells (<90% at 10uM) and reduces their migration in an ATF2-dependent manner. Shown to reduce ATF2 phosphorylation on Thr52, 69, and 71. However, it does not affect the activity of Erk1/2, Akt, pan-PKC. Cells expressing ATF2T52E do not exhibit any loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Does not induce apoptosis in normal melanocytes even at high concentrations (~20 mM) and has no effect on the localization or translocation of p53, STAT3, or b-catenin. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 10mg. US Biological Life Sciences.
A cell-permeable phenylhydrazone that restores mitochondrial tubular network formation in MEF lacking either of the two outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) mitofusins (EC50=5.3 and 4.42 mM, respectively, in Mfn1 or Mfn2 knockout MEF cells) or in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells (5uM 24h), but not in MEF lacking both Mfn1/2 or the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) fusion mediator Opa1 (optic atrophy1). M1 (5uM 24h) is reported to boost the downregulated ATP5A & ATP5B protein level in Mfn1 or Mfn2 knockout MEF to the wild-type MEF level and ATPase inhibitor oligomycin at 5uM is shown to completely offset the mitochondrial fusion effect by 5uM M1 in Mfn1 knockout MEF. Comparing to mdivi-1, M1 exerts its effect via promoting fusion rather than inhibiting fission or division. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 25mg. US Biological Life Sciences.
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mitochondrial intermediate peptidase
A homologue of thimet oligopeptidase. Natural substrates are precursor proteins that have already been processed by mitochondrial processing peptidase. In peptidase family M3 (thimet oligopeptidase family). Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: mitochondrial intermediate precursor-processing proteinase; MIP. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 3.4.24.59. CAS No. 136447-30-8. Storage: Store it at +4 ?C for short term. For long term storage, store it at -20 ?C?-80 ?C. Form: Liquid or lyophilized powder. EXWM-4341; mitochondrial intermediate peptidase; EC 3.4.24.59; 136447-30-8; mitochondrial intermediate precursor-processing proteinase; MIP. Cat No: EXWM-4341.
mitochondrial processing peptidase
Known from the mitochondrial matrix of fungi and mammals. Formed from two subunits, both homologous with pitrilysin, and the products of the MAS1 and MAS2 genes in yeast. In peptidase family M16 (pitrilysin family). Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: processing enhancing peptidase (for one of two subunits); mitochondrial protein precursor-processing proteinase; matrix peptidase; matrix processing peptidase; matrix processing proteinase; mitochondrial protein precursor-processing proteinase; MPP. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 3.4.24.64. CAS No. 86280-61-7. Storage: Store it at +4 ?C for short term. For long term storage, store it at -20 ?C?-80 ?C. Form: Liquid or lyophilized powder. EXWM-4347; mitochondrial processing peptidase; EC 3.4.24.64; 86280-61-7; processing enhancing peptidase (for one of two subunits); mitochondrial protein precursor-processing proteinase; matrix peptidase; matrix processing peptidase; matrix processing proteinase; mitochondrial protein precursor-processing proteinase; MPP. Cat No: EXWM-4347.
mitochondrial protein-transporting ATPase
A non-phosphorylated, non-ABC (ATP-binding cassette) ATPase involved in the transport of proteins or preproteins into mitochondria using the TIM protein complex. (TIM is the protein transport machinery of the inner mitochondrial membrane that contains three essential Tim proteins: Tim17 and Tim23 are thought to build a preprotein translocation channel while Tim44 interacts transiently with the matrix heat-shock protein Hsp70 to form an ATP-driven import motor.). Group: Enzymes. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 7.4.2.3 (Formerly EC 3.6.3.51). Storage: Store it at +4 ?C for short term. For long term storage, store it at -20 ?C?-80 ?C. Form: Liquid or lyophilized powder. EXWM-4690; mitochondrial protein-transporting ATPase; EC 3.6.3.51. Cat No: EXWM-4690.
A cell-permeable alpha-cyanocinnamate compound that acts as a rapid, active site thiol modifying, time-dependent and non-competitive inhibitor of bi-directional pyruvate transport across plasma membranes in yeast, bacteria, Drosophila, and humans (IC50 = 50nM in rat heart mitochondria; Ki ≤1uM) with excellent selectivity over monocarboxylates and anions. Shown to significantly decrease pyruvate-driven respiration, enhance glucose uptake and activate AMPK (2uM in human myocytes and skeletal muscle myotubes). Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 56396-35-1. Pack Sizes: 5mg, 25mg. Molecular Formula: C??H??N?O?. US Biological Life Sciences.
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mitochondrial tRNA pseudouridine27/28 synthase
The mitochondrial enzyme Pus2p is specific for position 27 or 28 in mitochondrial tRNA. Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: Pus2; Pus2p; RNA:pseudouridine synthases 2. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 5.4.99.44. Storage: Store it at +4 ?C for short term. For long term storage, store it at -20 ?C?-80 ?C. Form: Liquid or lyophilized powder. EXWM-5586; mitochondrial tRNA pseudouridine27/28 synthase; EC 5.4.99.44; Pus2; Pus2p; RNA:pseudouridine synthases 2. Cat No: EXWM-5586.
A cell-permeable, stable dichlorosalicylalde hyde Schiff's base that acts as a potent, selective inhibitor of Mia40/Erv1 redox-mediated import pathway (IC50 = 700nM, 900nM, and 1.4uM for ALR, Erv1, and Erv2, respectively). Significantly reduces the import of CX9 proteins, Erv1, Tim23, and ADP/ATP carrier (AAC). However, it does not affect mitochondrial membrane integrity as evidenced by the lack of aconitase, AAC, Tim54, Mia40, and cytochrome c release. Has no effect on protein disulfide isomerase, flavin adenine dinucleotide, and succinate dehydrogenase activities and does not disrupt mitochondrial net work or reduce viability of cells even at high concentrations (~100uM in HeLa and HEK293 cells). Reported to specifically cause cytochrome c release, activate caspase-3, and induce apoptosis in human embryonic stem cells (~20uM), but not in differentiated cells. Reversibly impairs cardiac development and reduces heart rate in zebra fish that is attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 25mg. Molecular Formula: C??H??Cl?N?O, Primary Target: Erv1. US Biological Life Sciences.
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MitoHunt Red Mitochondrial Superoxide Indicator
MitoHunt Red Mitochondrial Superoxide Indicator is a red-fluorescent probe that can be used for monitoring ROS in live cells. Molecular formula: C43H43IN3P. Mole weight: 759.71.
Peroxiredoxin-5, mitochondrial (163-172)
Peroxiredoxin-5, mitochondrial (163-172) is a truncated fragment of Peroxiredoxin-5, mitochondrial. Peroxiredoxin-5 interacts with peroxisome receptor 1 and plays an antioxidant protective role in different tissues under normal conditions and during inflammatory processes. Synonyms: Peroxisomal Antioxidant Enzyme (163-172); Thioredoxin Peroxidase PMP20 (163-172); Antioxidant Enzyme B166 (163-172).
10-(4,5-Dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,6-dioxocyclohexa-1,4-dienyl)decyl Methanesulfonate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Mitoquinol (M372210), an antioxidant mitochondrial-targeted coenzyme Q analog with neuroprotective effects. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 845959-53-7. Pack Sizes: 50mg, 100mg. Molecular Formula: C20H32O7S. US Biological Life Sciences.
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1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-methoxypropane
1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-methoxypropane is a volatile inhalation anaesthetic affection mitochondrial respiration. Related compound to Sevoflurane (H291050). Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 13171-18-1. Pack Sizes: 100mg, 2.5g. Molecular Formula: C4H4F6O. US Biological Life Sciences.
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1,2-Bis[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-1,2-diphenylethene
1,2-Bis[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-1,2-diphenylethene. Uses: Tpe-mb is an intermediate of aggregation-induced emission (aie) material used in the synthesis of blue mitochondrial dyes for bio-imaging. tpe-mb may be used in the preparation of aggregation induced emission (aie) probes for the fluorescence detection of mercury(II) and glutathione. Group: Bioelectronic materials organic light-emitting diode (oled) materials other materials. Alternative Names: Benzene, 1,1'-(1,2-diphenyl-1,2-ethenediyl)bis[4-(bromomethyl)-. CAS No. 1053241-67-0. Pack Sizes: 25 mg in glass insert. Product ID: 1-(bromomethyl)-4-[(E)-2-[4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]-1,2-diphenylethenyl]benzene. Molecular formula: 518.28. Mole weight: C28H22Br2. BrCC (C=C1)=CC=C1/C (C2=CC=CC=C2)=C (C3=CC=CC=C3)/C4=CC=C (CBr)C=C4. 1S/C28H22Br2/c29-19-21-11-15-25 (16-12-21)27 (23-7-3-1-4-8-23)28 (24-9-5-2-6-10-24)26-17-13-22 (20-30)14-18-26/h1-18H, 19-20H2/b28-27+, GHZTXESUSOBGAM-BYYHNAKLSA-N. GHZTXESUSOBGAM-BYYHNAKLSA-N. 95%.
1,2-Dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine
1,2-Dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine is a phosphatidylethanolamine with lauric acid. Phosphatidylethanolamine is a phospholipid found in all living organisms, particularly in nervous tissue. It serves as a precursor of phosphatidylcholine, and promotes membrane fusion, oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and autophagy. Synonyms: DLEA; DLPE; Dilauroyl phosphatidylethanolamine; PE(12:0/12:0); 1,2-didodecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine. Grades: ≥98%. CAS No. 42436-56-6. Molecular formula: C29H58NO8P. Mole weight: 579.76.
1,5-Isoquinolinediol
1,5-Isoquinolinediol is a PARP1 inhibitor (IC50 value 0.39 - 1.00 μM) and neuroprotective agent leading to an increase up to 8-fold in the absolute frequency of gene targeting in the correction of the mutation at the stable integrated HSV tk gene in mouse Ltk cells. 1,5-Isoquinolinediol is also an inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) inhibitor. 1,5-Isoquinolinediol significantly inhibited mitochondrial membrane potential loss, AIF (apoptosis inducing factor) and cytochrome c release from the mitochondria. Uses: Poly(adp-ribose) polymerase inhibitors. Synonyms: 1,5-Dihydroxyisoquinoline; Isoquinoline-1,5-diol; 5-Hydroxy-1(2H)-isoquinolinone; 5-Hydroxyisocarbostyril. Grades: 99%. CAS No. 5154-2-9. Molecular formula: C9H7NO2. Mole weight: 161.16.
1-Des(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl) 1-Methoxymethyl 3,4-Dihydropapaverine is derived from Homoveratrylamine (H669540), which is a methylated metabolite of Dopamine (D533780); a potent inhibitor of brain mitochondrial respiration used in Parkinsons disease studies. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 107415-83-8. Pack Sizes: 100mg, 250mg. Molecular Formula: C13H17NO3, Molecular Weight: 235.28. US Biological Life Sciences.
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1-Hexanol
1-Hexanol, a primary alcohol, is a surfactant that can be employed in industrial processes to enhance interfacial properties [1]. 1-Hexanol uncouples mitochondrial respiration by a non-protonophoric mechanism [2]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Natural products. CAS No. 111-27-3. Pack Sizes: 10 mM * 1 mL; 500 mg. Product ID: HY-W032022.
(1S, 4S)-2, 5-Diazabicyclo[2. 2. 1]heptane Dihydrobromide acts as a reagent for the synthesis and characterization of new piperazine-type inhibitors for mitochondrial ubiquinone reductase, preparation of heterocyclic compounds as chemokine receptor inhibitors useful in treatment of CXCR4-mediated diseases. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 132747-20-7. Pack Sizes: 100mg, 250mg. Molecular Formula: C5H10N2; 2HBr, Molecular Weight: 98.1516182. US Biological Life Sciences.
1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine (SAPE) is a naturally-occurring phospholipid that can be found in inner mitochondrial membrane (MITO) [1]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Fluorescent dye. Alternative Names: SAPE. CAS No. 61216-62-4. Pack Sizes: 25 mg (13.02 mM * 2.5 mL in Methanol:Chloroform (30:70)). Product ID: HY-148979.
1-?tert-?Butyl-?3,?5-?dimethylbenzene
1-?tert-?Butyl-?3,?5-?dimethylbenzene (Xylometazoline EP Impurity D) is a reagent used in the synthesis of polyarenes as oligonapthalene derivatives as well as in the preparation of arylsulfur trifluorides from diaryl disulfides. Xylometazoline derivative, a vasoconstrictor involved in signal transduction, also used as a nasal decongestant. May be used in treatments involving ischemic injury due to the the ability to shift energy metabolism from mitochondrial to glycolysis (2). Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 98-19-1. Pack Sizes: 100g, 250g. Molecular Formula: C12H18, Molecular Weight: 162.27. US Biological Life Sciences.
1-[trans-4- (4-Chlorophenyl) cyclohexyl] Ester Ethanedioic Acid-d5 is an intermediate in the synthesis of Atovaquone-d5 (A793502), which is a hydroxynaphthoquinone derivative that inhibits mitochondrial electron transport. Antipneumocystic. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 1mg, 2.5mg. Molecular Formula: C14H15ClO4. US Biological Life Sciences.
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21S rRNA (uridine2791-2'-O)-methyltransferase
The enzyme catalyses the methylation of uridine2791 of mitochondrial 21S rRNA. Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: MRM2 (gene name); mitochondrial 21S rRNA methyltransferase; mitochondrial rRNA MTase 2. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 2.1.1.168. Storage: Store it at +4 ?C for short term. For long term storage, store it at -20 ?C?-80 ?C. Form: Liquid or lyophilized powder. EXWM-1765; 21S rRNA (uridine2791-2'-O)-methyltransferase; EC 2.1.1.168; MRM2 (gene name); mitochondrial 21S rRNA methyltransferase; mitochondrial rRNA MTase 2. Cat No: EXWM-1765.
2-(2,2-Diphenyl-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-(phenylmethoxy)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one is an intermediate in the synthesis of Quercetin Dihydrate (Q509500), which is a lavonoid with anticancer activity. It is a mitochondrial ATPase and phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It Inhibits PI3-kinase activity and slightly inhibits PIP kinase activity. Quercetin has antiproliferative effects on cancer cell lines, reduces cancer cell growth via type II estrogen receptors, and arrests human leukemic T cells in late G1 phase of the cell cycle. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 498548-17-7. Pack Sizes: 10mg, 25mg. Molecular Formula: C35H24O7. US Biological Life Sciences.
2-(2,2-Diphenyl-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-hydroxy-3,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one is an intermediate in the synthesis of Quercetin Dihydrate (Q509500), which is a lavonoid with anticancer activity. It is a mitochondrial ATPase and phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It Inhibits PI3-kinase activity and slightly inhibits PIP kinase activity. Quercetin has antiproliferative effects on cancer cell lines, reduces cancer cell growth via type II estrogen receptors, and arrests human leukemic T cells in late G1 phase of the cell cycle. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 10mg, 25mg. Molecular Formula: C42H30O7. US Biological Life Sciences.
2-(2,2-Diphenyl-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-hydroxy-3-phenylmethoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 7-O- β-D-Glucuronide is an intermediate in the synthesis of Quercetin Dihydrate (Q509500), which is a lavonoid with anticancer activity. It is a mitochondrial ATPase and phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It Inhibits PI3-kinase activity and slightly inhibits PIP kinase activity. Quercetin has antiproliferative effects on cancer cell lines, reduces cancer cell growth via type II estrogen receptors, and arrests human leukemic T cells in late G1 phase of the cell cycle. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 2.5mg, 5mg. Molecular Formula: C41H32O13. US Biological Life Sciences.
2-(2-((6-(2-Cyanophenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)phenyl)-2-oxoacetic Acid Methyl Ester is an intermediate in the synthesis of (Z)-Azoxystrobin (A965155), a fungicide that inhibits mitochondrial respiration by blocking electron transfer between cytochromes b and c1. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 143130-93-2. Pack Sizes: 10mg, 100mg. Molecular Formula: C20H13N3O5. US Biological Life Sciences.
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2,2-dimethyldodecanoic Acid
2,2-Dimethyldodecanoic acid, an intriguing biochemical, has emerged as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of neurological disorders and diabetes. As a modulator of the mitochondrial membrane, this compound has garnered attention for its ability to enhance insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in experimental subjects, showcasing its therapeutic potential in metabolic disorders. Furthermore, preclinical investigations have yielded encouraging results, highlighting its potential to serve as a potent anxiolytic and antidepressant agent, rendering it a prime target for future research. Synonyms: 2,2-dimethyllauric acid. Grades: 95%. CAS No. 2874-73-9. Molecular formula: C14H28O2. Mole weight: 228.37.
2, 3-Dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[10-[ (methylsulfonyl) oxy]decyl]-1, 4-benzenediol is an intermediate in the synthesis of Mitoquinol (M372210), an antioxidant mitochondrial-targeted coenzyme Q analog with neuroprotective effects. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 845959-54-8. Pack Sizes: 50mg, 100mg. Molecular Formula: C20H34O7S. US Biological Life Sciences.
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2-(3-Oxobutyl)-2-azaspiro[4.5]decan-3-one
2-(3-Oxobutyl)-2-azaspiro[4.5]decan-3-one is a derivative of Gabapentin Lactam (G117275); a compound that reduces protein aggregates and improves motor performance in a transgenic mouse model of Huntingtons disease. Gabapentin Lactam also opens mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channels. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 25mg, 250mg. Molecular Formula: C13H21NO2, Molecular Weight: 223.31. US Biological Life Sciences.
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2-(3-Oxobutyl)-2-azaspiro[4.5]decan-3-one-d6
2-(3-Oxobutyl)-2-azaspiro[4.5]decan-3-one-d6 is the isotope labelled analog of 2-(3-Oxobutyl)-2-azaspiro[4.5]decan-3-one (O848400); a derivative of Gabapentin Lactam (G117275) which is a compound that reduces protein aggregates and improves motor performance in a transgenic mouse model of Huntingtons disease. Gabapentin Lactam also opens mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channels. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 1mg, 10mg. Molecular Formula: C13H15D6NO2, Molecular Weight: 229.35. US Biological Life Sciences.
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2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene
A substituted benzene use in polypeptide sequencing (also referred to as Sangers reagent). Used in the derivitization of primary amines. Shown to inhibit the reductase activity of mitochondrial b-c1 complex isolated from beef heart mitochondria. Group: Biochemicals. Alternative Names: 1-Fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene; 2,4-Dinitrobenzene fluoride; 4-Fluoro-1,3-dinitrobenzene; DFB; DNFB; FDNB; Fluorodinitrobenzene; NSC 33519. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 70-34-8. Pack Sizes: 25g. US Biological Life Sciences.
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2,4-Dinitrophenol-13C6
2,4-Dinitrophenol-13C6 is an lsotope labelled compound of 2,4-Dinitrophenol (D479945). 2,4-Dinitrophenol has potential application in the treatment of obesity via mitochondrial uncoupling. It is also used in the synthesis of coumarins and in the preparation of chloroformates as pharmaceutical reagents. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 1mg. Molecular Formula: 13C6H4N2O5, Molecular Weight: 190.06. US Biological Life Sciences.
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2,?6-?Dimethyl-?4-?tert-?butylphenylacetic Acid
2,?6-?Dimethyl-?4-?tert-?butylphenylacetic Acid is an impurity of Xylometazoline (X749950), a vasoconstrictor involved in signal transduction, also used as a nasal decongestant. May be used in treatments involving ischemic injury due to the the ability to shift energy metabolism from mitochondrial to glycolysis (2). Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 854646-92-7. Pack Sizes: 10mg, 100mg. Molecular Formula: C11H14O2, Molecular Weight: 178.23. US Biological Life Sciences.
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2'-Aminoacetophenone
2'-Aminoacetophenone is an orally active inducer of apoptosis and respiratory biomarker. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can be used to detect Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can inhibit the protein levels of LC3BII and p62 in macrophages infected with pqsA or mvfR and regulate autophagy. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can disrupt mitochondrial function by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis signaling, leading to dysfunction in mouse skeletal muscle [1] [2] [4]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Natural products. Alternative Names: o-aminoacetophenone. CAS No. 551-93-9. Pack Sizes: 10 mM * 1 mL; 1 g; 5 g; 10 g. Product ID: HY-I0501.
2-Chlorohexadecanoic acid
2-Chlorohexadecanoic acid, an inflammatory lipid mediator, interferes with protein palmitoylation,induces ER-stress markers, reduced the ER ATP content, and activates transcription and secretion of IL-6 as well as IL-8.2-Chlorohexadecanoic acid disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential and induces procaspase-3 and PARP cleavage.2-Chlorohexadecanoic acid can across blood-brain barrier (BBB) and compromises ER- and mitochondrial functions in the human brain endothelial cell line hCMEC/D3 [1]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Signaling pathways. CAS No. 19117-92-1. Pack Sizes: 1 mg; 5 mg; 10 mg; 25 mg. Product ID: HY-131688.
2-Isopropyl-4-pentenamide
2-Isopropyl-4-pentenamide is a porphyrinogenic agent used in studies to determine the involvement of mice brain mitochondrial and microsomal Phase I drug metabolizing system. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 299-78-5. Pack Sizes: 100mg, 250mg. Molecular Formula: C8H15NO, Molecular Weight: 141.21. US Biological Life Sciences.
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2-Nicotinamide-b-D-riboside sulfate
2-Nicotinamide-b-D-riboside sulfate, a supplement compound extensively applied in the biomedicine sector, is commonly used for treating age-related illnesses like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and cardiovascular diseases. What makes it noteworthy is its ability to enhance mitochondrial function alongside an increase in energy metabolism, thereby promoting better health and a longer lifespan. Synonyms: 1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyridin-1-ium-3-carboxamide sulfate. CAS No. 1713228-05-7. Molecular formula: C22H30N4O14S. Mole weight: 606.60.
(2R)-Octyl-α-hydroxyglutarate
(2R)-Octyl-α-hydroxyglutarate is an octyl ester derivative of (2R)-2-Hydroxyglutaric Acid (H942565), a potential inhibitor of glutamate carboxypeptidase. It is used to examine the contribution of D-2HG to the mitochondrial processes of IDH1-mutated cancer cells. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 1391194-67-4. Pack Sizes: 1mg, 5mg. Molecular Formula: C13H24O5, Molecular Weight: 260.33. US Biological Life Sciences.
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(2R)-Octyl-α-hydroxyglutarate-d17
(2R)-Octyl-α-hydroxyglutarate-d17 is labelled (2R)-Octyl-α-hydroxyglutarate (O287600) which is an octyl ester derivative of (2R)-2-Hydroxyglutaric Acid (H942565), a potential inhibitor of glutamate carboxypeptidase. It is used to examine the contribution of D-2HG to the mitochondrial processes of IDH1-mutated cancer cells. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 1mg, 2.5mg. Molecular Formula: C13H7D17O5, Molecular Weight: 277.43. US Biological Life Sciences.
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(2S)-Octyl-α-hydroxyglutarate-d17
(2S)-Octyl-α-hydroxyglutarate-d17 is labelled (2R)-Octyl-α-hydroxyglutarate (O287600) which is an octyl ester derivative of (2R)-2-Hydroxyglutaric Acid (H942565), a potential inhibitor of glutamate carboxypeptidase. It is used to examine the contribution of D-2HG to the mitochondrial processes of IDH1-mutated cancer cells. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 1mg, 2.5mg. Molecular Formula: C13H7D17O5, Molecular Weight: 277.43. US Biological Life Sciences.
A cell-permeable flavone derivative that arrests the proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia cells (NB4, U937, HL-60, OCI AML3), in a dose and time-dependent manner (optimum at ~20uM and 96h) and blocks the colony formation in samples from acute myeloid leukemia patients, without affecting normal blood cells. Shown to reduce mitochondrial membrane potential and Bad phosphorylation (at Ser136), induce Bax and caspase 3, 8, and 9 activation in U937 cells. Does not affect the phosphorylation of Akt1, but significantly reduces the expression and phosphorylation of p70S6 kinase in U937 cells. Reported to inhibit the chymotrypsin-like activity of proteasome (IC50 = 2.0uM) and this effect is synergistic with bortezomib. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 10mg. US Biological Life Sciences.
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3,3'-Dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide
3,3'-Dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide is a carbocyanine dye which can be used to monitor changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Fluorescent dye. Alternative Names: DiOC6(3) iodide. CAS No. 53213-82-4. Pack Sizes: 50 mg. Product ID: HY-D0084.
[3-(Carboxybenzhydryl)-2 3-[3- (tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy) prop-1-yl]dimethyl Trideuterio Methyl Ammonium Iodide is an intermediate in the synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-9-hexadecenoyl-L-carnitine-d3 (H825457). 3-Hydroxy-9-hexadecenoyl-L-carnitine-d3 chloride is the labeled analog of 3-Hydroxy-9-hexadecenoyl-L-carnitine chloride (H825455) an analogue of 3- hydroxyhexadecanoyl carnitine Inner Salt (H943005), a derivative of Carnitine, essential cofactor of fatty acid metabolism; required for the transport of fatty acids through the inner mitochondrial membrane. Synthesized primarily in the liver and kidney; highest concentrations found in heart and skeletal muscle. Dietary sources include red meat, dairy products, beans, avocado. Also 3- hydroxyhexadecanoyl carnitine works similar to the endogenous non-toxic molecule L-Carnitine (C184110) whose bioavailablity is improved due to the transport systems in place for Carnitine. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 500ug, 1mg. Molecular Formula: C42H65D3INO5Si. US Biological Life Sciences.
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(3-Carboxypropyl)triphenylphosphonium Bromide
(3-Carboxypropyl)triphenylphosphonium Bromide is a reagent used for the preparation of sphingosine 1-phosphate-1 receptor antagonists, as well as for the synthesis of mitochondrial vitamin E metabolites and other mitochondrial targets in the study of mitochodrial functions. Synonyms: (4-Hydroxy-4-oxobutyl)triphenylphosphonium Bromide; Phosphonium, (3-carboxypropyl)triphenyl-, bromide (1:1). Grades: ≥95%. CAS No. 17857-14-6. Molecular formula: C22H22BrO2P. Mole weight: 429.29.
3-Chloro-1,4-dihydro-1,4-dioxo-2-naphthalenecarboxylic Acid 4- (4-Chlorophenyl) cyclohexyl Ester is an impurity in the synthesis of Atovaquone-d5 (A793502), which is an hydroxynaphthoquinone derivative that inhibits mitochondrial electron transport. Antipneumocystic. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 215672-88-1. Pack Sizes: 50mg, 250mg. Molecular Formula: C23H18Cl2O4. US Biological Life Sciences.
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3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (3-HBDH) is a mitochondrial enzyme, is often used in biochemical studies. 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase is involved in the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies and butanoate metabolism. 3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase catalyzes (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate converts into acetoacetate [1]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Signaling pathways. Alternative Names: 3-HBDH. CAS No. 9028-38-0. Pack Sizes: 100 U; 500 U; 1 KU. Product ID: HY-P2994.
3- hydroxyhexadecanoyl carnitine
3- hydroxyhexadecanoyl carnitine inner salt is a carnitine derivative, an essential cofactor of the the fatty acid metabolism that is required for the transport of fatty acirds through the inner mitochondrial membrane. Group: Biochemicals. Alternative Names: 3- hydroxypalmitoyl carnitine; (2R)-3-Carboxy-2-[(3-hydroxy-1-oxohexadecyl)oxy]-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminiumInner Salt, [1(R)]-3-Carboxy-2-[(3-hydroxy-1-oxohexadecyl)oxy]-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium Inner Salt. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 195207-76-2. Pack Sizes: 1mg. US Biological Life Sciences.
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3-Hydroxyhexadecanoylcarnitine inner salt
3-Hydroxyhexadecanoylcarnitine inner salt is a carnitine derivative, an essential cofactor of the the fatty acid metabolism that is required for the transport of fatty acirds through the inner mitochondrial membrane. Applications: A carnitine derivative. Group: Coenzymes. Synonyms: 3-Hydroxypalmitoylcarnitine. CAS No. 195207-76-2. Mole weight: 415.61. Form: Solid. 3-Hydroxypalmitoylcarnitine; 3-Hydroxyhexadecanoylcarnitine inner salt; 195207-76-2. Cat No: COEC-105.
3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase
3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase is a tetrameric mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the NAD+-dependent, reversible oxidation of 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, an intermediate of valine catabolism, to methylmalonate semialdehyde. Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: β-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 1.1.1.31. CAS No. 9028-39-1. Storage: Store it at +4 ?C for short term. For long term storage, store it at -20 ?C?-80 ?C. Form: Liquid or lyophilized powder. EXWM-0221; 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase; EC 1.1.1.31; 9028-39-1; β-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase. Cat No: EXWM-0221.
The enzyme has no activating compound but is specific for its substrate. It is a mitochondrial enzyme associated with the branched-chain 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase complex. Phosphorylation inactivates EC 1.2.4.4, 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (2-methylpropanoyl-transferring). Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: BCK; BCKD kinase; BCODH kinase; branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase; branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase kinase; branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase kinase; branched-chain oxo acid dehydrogenase kinase (phosphorylating); STK2. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 2.7.11.4. CAS No. 82391-38-6. Storage: Store it at +4 ?C for short term. For long term storage, store it at -20 ?C?-80 ?C. Form: Liquid or lyophilized powder. EXWM-3155; [3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring)] kinase; EC 2.7.11.4; 82391-38-6; BCK; BCKD kinase; BCODH kinase; branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase; branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase kinase; branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase kinase; branched-chain oxo acid dehydrogenase kinase (phosphorylating); STK2. Cat No: EXWM-3155.
3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP)
A plant and fungal toxin, 3-nitropropionic acid acts as an irreversible inactivator of succinate dehydrogenase. Selectively inhibits succinic dehydrogenase complex (Complex II) in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Also shown to cause brain lesions similar to those of Huntington?s disease. Group: Biochemicals. Alternative Names: 3-NP, 3-NPA, 3NPA. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 504-88-1. Pack Sizes: 50mg, 250mg. US Biological Life Sciences.
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3-Nitrotetrazolium blue chloride
3-Nitrotetrazolium blue chloride, a commonly utilized reagent within the biomedical sector, has proven essential in discerning cell viability and metabolic activity. Its prevalent application lies in assessing the effectiveness of antineoplastic drugs and their cytotoxic impact on tumor cells. Furthermore, it serves as a diagnostic instrument for evaluating mitochondrial function in a multitude of ailments, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Synonyms: 2H-Tetrazolium, 3,3'-(3,3'-dimethoxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[2-(3-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-, chloride (1:2); 2H-Tetrazolium, 3,3'-(3,3'-dimethoxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[2-(3-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-, dichloride; 3,3'-(3,3'-Dimethoxy-4,4'-biphenylylene)bis[5-(m-nitrophenyl)-2-phenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride]; m-NBT; m-Nitro Blue Tetrazolium Chloride; m-Nitrotetrazolium blue; NSC 90435. Grades: ≥95%. CAS No. 38184-50-8. Molecular formula: C40H30Cl2N10O6. Mole weight: 817.64.
3-(N-Maleimidopropionyl)biocytin
3-(N-Maleimidopropionyl)biocytin is a membrane impermeable biocytin that can be used for mitochondrial structure research [1]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Signaling pathways. CAS No. 102849-12-7. Pack Sizes: 1 mg; 5 mg; 10 mg. Product ID: HY-W020784.
4-(4-Hydroxy-1-butynyl)benzoic Acid Methyl Ester
A reactant used in organic synthesis. Can be used in the preparation of mitochondrial complex 1 inhibitor as potential cardiac PET tracer and antifolate drugs. Group: Biochemicals. Alternative Names: 4-(4-Hydroxy-1-butyn-1-yl)-benzoic Acid Methyl Ester. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 123910-86-1. Pack Sizes: 250mg. US Biological Life Sciences.
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4-Hydroxyisoleucine
4-Hydroxyisoleucine, which comes from the seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum L, could inhibit palmitate-induced, ROS-associated inflammation and restored insulin sensitivity through regulating IRS-1 function. It acts to improve insulin resistance by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis in high fructose diet fed STZ induced diabetic rats. Besides, 4-Hydroxyisoleucine could remarkably improve high glucose-induced IR in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Meanwhile, 4-HIL could inhibit the secretion of TNF-alpha. Synonyms: 4-HYDROXY-L-ISOLEUCINE; (2S,3R)-2-aMino-4-hydroxy-3-Methylpentanoic acid. Grades: >98%. CAS No. 781658-23-9. Molecular formula: C6H13NO3. Mole weight: 147.17.
4-Hydroxyquinazoline
4-HQN is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor (IC50 = 9.5 μM). 4-HQN exhibits antianti-ischemic activity and reduces ROS production, subsequent mitochondrial and cell damage in rat heart. It also blocks NF-κB and AP-1 activation. Synonyms: 3H-quinazolin-4-one. Grades: ≥ 99 % by HPLC. CAS No. 491-36-1. Molecular formula: C8H6N2O. Mole weight: 146.15.
4-Phenylpyridine
4-Phenylpyridine is a useful synthetic intermediate. 4-Phenylpyridine has been shown to induce inhibition of mitochondrial respiration in mice. Group: Biochemicals. Alternative Names: NSC 70375; NSC 77935; p-Phenylpyridine; γ-Phenylpyridine. Grades: Highly Purified. CAS No. 939-23-1. Pack Sizes: 1g. US Biological Life Sciences.
Worldwide
5-(2-Hydroxyethyl)uridine
5-(2-Hydroxyethyl)uridine, a modified nucleoside commonly used in RNA research, exhibits excellent RNA stability and translation efficiency, rendering it valuable for gene expression studies. In addition to its utility in the laboratory, recent studies revealed promising therapeutic potential for treating mitochondrial illnesses. Synonyms: 1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione; Uridine, 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-. Grades: ≥95%. CAS No. 102691-28-1. Molecular formula: C11H16N2O7. Mole weight: 288.25.
5-Formyl-2',3'-O-(1-methylethylidene)-cytidine
5-Formyl-2',3'-O-(1-methylethylidene)-cytidine is an intermediate in 5-Formylcytidine synthesis. 5-Formylcytidine is a modified nucleoside found at the first position of the anticodon of bovine mitochondrial tRNAMet. Synonyms: 5-Formyl-2',3'-O-(1-methylethylidene)cytidine; Furo[3,4-d]-1,3-dioxole Cytidine Deriv. CAS No. 153535-36-5. Molecular formula: C13H17N3O6. Mole weight: 311.29.
5-formylcytidine
5-Formylcytidine is a modified nucleoside found at the first position of the anticodon of bovine mitochondrial tRNAMet. Synonyms: Cytidine, 5-formyl-; 4-Amino-1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde; cytidine, 6-formyl-. Grades: 98%. CAS No. 148608-53-1. Molecular formula: C10H13N3O6. Mole weight: 271.23.
5-Heptadecylresorcinol
5-Heptadecylresorcinol (AR-C17), a phenolic lipid component, is also an orally active mitochondrial protector. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol improves mitochondrial function via sirtuin3 signaling pathway, thus alleviates endothelial cell damage and apoptosis. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol induces sirtuin3-mediated autophagy. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol reduces the atherosclerotic plaques in the aortic root region of mice heart. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol can be used for research of atherosclerosis prevention and obesity [1] [2]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Natural products. Alternative Names: 5-n-Heptadecylresorcinol; AR-C17. CAS No. 41442-57-3. Pack Sizes: 5 mg; 10 mg. Product ID: HY-N2673.
5-Hydroxydecanoate sodium
5-Hydroxydecanoate sodium is a selective ATP-sensitive K + (K ATP ) channel blocker ( IC 50 of ~30 μM). 5-Hydroxydecanoate sodium is a substrate for mitochondrial outer membrane acyl-CoA synthetase and has antioxidant activity [1] [2]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Signaling pathways. CAS No. 71186-53-3. Pack Sizes: 10 mg; 25 mg; 50 mg; 100 mg. Product ID: HY-136615.
5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2',3'-O-(1-methylethylidene)cytidine is used in the synthesis of tRNA's anticodon stem and loop domain containing the 5-formylcytidine modification. Also, it is an intermediate used in 5-Formylcytidine synthesis, which is a modified nucleoside found at the first position of the anticodon of bovine mitochondrial tRNAMet. Synonyms: Furo[3,4-d]-1,3-dioxole Cytidine Deriv. CAS No. 72472-12-9. Molecular formula: C13H19N3O6. Mole weight: 313.31.
5'-Tetrachloro-Fluorescein CE Phosphoramidite(6-TET)
5'-Tetrachloro-Fluorescein CE Phosphoramidite (6-TET) is an exceptional nucleoside derivatizing reagent. Significantly, its high sensitivity and specificity are beneficial for the fluorescence-based detection methods when examining single nucleotide polymorphisms, gene expression, or DNA sequencing. Moreover, novel investigations show that it could be imperative when studying mitochondrial DNA damages commonly implicated in both cancer and neurological disorders. Synonyms: 6-[(4,7,2',7'-Tetrachloro-3',6'-dipivaloylfluoresceinyl)-carboxamido]-hexyl-1-O-[(2-cyanoethyl)-(N,N-diisopropyl)]-phosphoramidite. Grades: >97% by HPLC. Molecular formula: C46H54CI4N3O10P. Mole weight: 981.73.
6PPD-Q
6PPD-Q (6PPD-Quinone) is an environmental pollutant that can be detected in human urine and is widely present in the environment. 6PPD-Q targets and binds to CNR2 , CNR1 , AA2AR , LCAT , and TRPA1 , with CNR2 exhibiting the highest binding affinity, potentially acting as a CNR2 receptor agonist to activate cannabinoid receptors. 6PPD-Q induces intestinal inflammation and barrier damage by disrupting mitochondrial function, reducing neuronal glycolysis metabolites and TCA cycle intermediates, and exacerbating α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation. 6PPD-Q is applicable in research on environmental toxicology, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammation-related disorders [1]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Natural products. Alternative Names: 6PPD-Quinone. CAS No. 2754428-18-5. Pack Sizes: 5 mg; 10 mg; 25 mg; 50 mg; 100 mg. Product ID: HY-153169.
8-[(6-Amino)hexyl]-amino-ATP - ATTO-665
8-[(6-Amino)hexyl]-amino-ATP - ATTO-665 is a fluorescent probe used in live cell imaging to monitor ATP-dependent biological processes. It is commonly used to track mitochondrial function and ATP synthesis in cells. ATTO-665 is also used to detect drug interactions with ATP-binding proteins, such as kinases, in drug discovery research. Synonyms: 8-[(6-Amino)hexyl]-amino-adenosine-5'-triphosphate, labeled with ATTO 665, Triethylammonium salt. Grades: ≥ 95% by HPLC. Molecular formula: C16H30N7O13P3- ATTO 665 (free acid). Mole weight: 1225.37 (free acid).
Acequinocyl-d25
Isotope labelled Acequinocyl is an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport in complex III and used to control phytophagous mites. Used in Pesticide detection. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Highly Purified. Pack Sizes: 500ug, 2.5mg. Molecular Formula: C24H7D25O4, Molecular Weight: 409.66. US Biological Life Sciences.
Worldwide
Acetyl-L-carnitine chloride
Endogenous mitochondrial metabolite that transports acetyl groups across the mitochondrial membrane. Exogenous acetylcarnitine enhances mitochondrial function in aged rats. As an acetate donor to coenzyme A, it increases the central and peripheral acetylcholine synthesis and function. Acetylcarnitine has antinociceptive activity that may be mediated by enhanced activity of muscarinic cholinergic receptors or mGlu2 glutamate receptors. Applications: A cholinergic agonist that stimulates neuronal response to serotonin and acetylcholine. Group: Coenzymes. Synonyms: R-(-)-2-Acetyloxy-3-carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium chloride. CAS No. 5080-50-2. Purity: ≥99%. Mole weight: 239.7. Form: Solid. R-(-)-2-Acetyloxy-3-carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium chloride; Acetyl-L-carnitine chloride; 5080-50-2. Cat No: COEC-005.
Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride
Acetyl-L-carnitine (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine) hydrochloride is a blood-brain permeable acetyl ester of the amino acid L-carnitine with anti-apoptotic effects. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride promotes neuronal survival and mitochondrial activity, attenuates DNA fragmentation and nuclear condensation in cultured neurons and signifcantly decreases histone-DNA release into the cytoplasm. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride is often used as a dietary supplement, and is promising for research of stress-related psychiatric disorders [1] [2] [3]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Natural products. Alternative Names: O-Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride; ALCAR hydrochloride. CAS No. 5080-50-2. Pack Sizes: 10 mM * 1 mL; 1 g; 5 g. Product ID: HY-B0762.
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