A directory of where to buy chemicals in the USA, including: distributors, industrial manufacturers, bulk supplies and wholesalers of raw ingredients & finished goods.
HIV p17 Gag 77-85 is used in the research of anti-HIV. Synonyms: HIV-1 gag Protein p17 (76-84); H-Ser-Leu-Tyr-Asn-Thr-Val-Ala-Thr-Leu-OH; L-seryl-L-leucyl-L-tyrosyl-L-asparagyl-L-threonyl-L-valyl-L-alanyl-L-threonyl-L-leucine; HIV P17 GAG (77-85). Grade: ≥95%. CAS No. 147468-65-3. Molecular formula: C44H72N10O15. Mole weight: 981.10.
HIV-1 protease is a retroviral aspartyl protease (retropepsin) that is essential for the life-cycle of HIV, the retrovirus that causes AIDS. HIV protease cleaves newly synthesized polyproteins at the appropriate places to create the mature protein components of an infectious HIV virion. Without effective HIV protease, HIV virions remain uninfectious. Thus, mutation of HIV protease's active site or inhibition of its activity disrupts HIVs ability to replicate and infect additional cells, making HIV protease inhibition the subject of considerable pharmaceutical research. Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease; gag protease; HIV aspartyl protease; HIV proteinase; retroproteinase; HIV-1 protease; HIV-2 protease; HIV-1 retropepsin; HIV Protease Mutant; EC 3.4.23.16. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 3.4.23.16. CAS No. 144114-21-6. HIV Protease. Mole weight: mol wt ~10.8 kDa. Storage: -70°C. Form: Supplied as a solution in 0.5M Sodium Acetate, pH 4.7with 50mM Tris-HCL, 1M NaCL, 1mM EDTA, 5mM DTT and 15% glycerol. Source: E. coli. human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease; gag protease; HIV aspartyl protease; HIV proteinase; retroproteinase; HIV-1 protease; HIV-2 protease; HIV-1 retropepsin; HIV Protease Mutant; EC 3.4.23.16. Pack: 100 unit vial containing > 100ug protein. Cat No: NATE-0344.
HIV Protease Substrate VI is a sensitive chromogenic substrate for both HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases. Synonyms: H-Arg-Val-Nle-p-nitro-Phe-Glu-Ala-Nle-NH2; L-arginyl-L-valyl-L-norleucyl-4-nitro-L-phenylalanyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-alanyl-L-norleucinamide; L-Norleucinamide, L-arginyl-L-valyl-L-norleucyl-4-nitro-L-phenylalanyl-L-α-glutamyl-L-alanyl-. Grade: ≥95%. CAS No. 130877-92-8. Molecular formula: C40H66N12O11. Mole weight: 891.04.
HJC-0123
HJC-0123 is a potent and selective STT 3 inhibitor. HJC0123 has demonstrated to inhibit STAT3 promoter activity, downregulate phosphorylation of STAT3, increase the expression of cleaved caspase-3, inhibit cell cycle progression and promote apoptosis in breast and pancreatic cancer cells with low micromolar to nanomolar IC50 values. Furthermore, HJC-0123 significantly suppressed estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 xenograft tumor growth in vivo (p.o.), indicating its great potential as an efficacious and orally bioavailable drug candidate for human cancer therapy. Synonyms: HJC 0123; HJC0123; 2-Phenyl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid (1,1-dioxo-1H-1lambda6-benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-amide. Grade: 98%. CAS No. 1430420-02-2. Molecular formula: C24H16N2O3S. Mole weight: 412.46.
HJC0152
HJC0152 is a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor against human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Uses: Designed for use in research and industrial production. Additional or Alternative Names: HJC0152; HJC 0152; HJC-0152. Product Category: Inhibitors. Appearance: Solid powder. CAS No. 1420290-99-8. Molecular formula: C15H14Cl3N3O4. Mole weight: 406.64. Purity: >98%. IUPACName: 2-(2-Amino-ethoxy)-5-chloro-N-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)benzamide Hydrochloride. Canonical SMILES: O=C(NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1Cl)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C2OCCN.[H]Cl. Product ID: ACM1420290998. Alfa Chemistry ISO 9001:2015 Certified.
HJC0152
HJC0152 is a signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 ( STAT3 ) inhibitor. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Signaling pathways. CAS No. 1420290-99-8. Pack Sizes: 5 mg; 10 mg; 25 mg; 50 mg; 100 mg. Product ID: HY-100602.
HJC0197 is an erythromycin propionate-N-acetylcysteinate inhibitor (EPAC) with IC50 value of 5.9 μM for Epac2. HJC0197 can inhibit Epac1-mediated Rap1-GDP exchange activity at 25 μM, but it has no effect on cAMP-induced type I and II PKA activity at this concentration. HJC0197 can be used to study the role of Epac signaling in chondrogenesis in chicken micromass cultures. EPAC inhibitor may prevent pancreatic cancer cell migration and invasion. Uses: Study the role of epac signaling. Synonyms: HJC-0197; HJC 0197; 4-cyclopentyl-2-((2,5-dimethylbenzyl)thio)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile. Grade: 98%. CAS No. 383539-73-8. Molecular formula: C19H21N3OS. Mole weight: 339.45.
HJC0350
HJC0350 is a potent and Epac2-specific inhibitor with IC50 of 0.3 μM, exhibiting no inhibition on Epac1. Synonyms: HJC 0350; HJC-0350; 1-(mesitylsulfonyl)-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole. Grade: >98%. CAS No. 885434-70-8. Molecular formula: C15H19NO2S. Mole weight: 277.38.
HJC 0350. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Purified. CAS No. 885434-70-8. Pack Sizes: 10mg, 50mg. US Biological Life Sciences.
Worldwide
HJC0416 hydrochloride
HJC0416 hydrochloride is a potent anticancer agent, an orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Synonyms: HJC0416 (hydrochloride). CAS No. 2415263-08-8. Molecular formula: C18H18Cl2N2O4S. Mole weight: 429.32.
HJM-561
HJM-561 is a selective and effective orally active EGFR PROTAC degrader. HJM-561 is able to overcome the triple EGFR mutations that are resistant to Osimertinib (HY-15772). HJM-561 exhibits potent degradation of EGFR Del19/T790M/C797S (DC50: 9.2 nM) and L858R/T790M/C797S (DC50: 5.8 nM), and has anti-tumor activity (pink: EGFR ligand (HY-12857); blue: CRBN ligand (HY-A0003); black: linker)[1]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Signaling pathways. CAS No. 2570251-68-0. Pack Sizes: 5 mg; 10 mg; 25 mg; 50 mg; 100 mg. Product ID: HY-156698.
HKB99
HKB99 is an allosteric inhibitor of phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1). HKB99 induces apoptosis. HKB99 inhibits the formation of invasive pseudopodia and inhibits migration. HKB99 increases the oxidative stress, activates JNK/c-Jun and suppresses AKT and ERK. HKB99 can be used for the research of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)[1][2]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Signaling pathways. CAS No. 2414908-90-8. Pack Sizes: 5 mg; 10 mg; 25 mg; 50 mg. Product ID: HY-148510.
H+/K+-exchanging ATPase
A P-type ATPase that undergoes covalent phosphorylation during the transport cycle. A gastric mucosal enzyme that catalyses the efflux of one H+ and the influx of one K+ per ATP hydrolysed. Group: Enzymes. Synonyms: H+-K+-ATPase; H,K-ATPase; (K+ + H+)-ATPase. Enzyme Commission Number: EC 3.6.3.10. Storage: Store it at +4 ?C for short term. For long term storage, store it at -20 ?C?-80 ?C. Form: Liquid or lyophilized powder. EXWM-4647; H+/K+-exchanging ATPase; EC 3.6.3.10; H+-K+-ATPase; H,K-ATPase; (K+ + H+)-ATPase. Cat No: EXWM-4647.
HKI 357. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Purified. CAS No. 848133-17-5. Pack Sizes: 10mg, 50mg. US Biological Life Sciences.
Worldwide
HKI 357
HKI 357 is a potent and irreversible dual inhibitor of ErbB2 (HER2) and EGFR (IC50 = 33 and 34 nM, respectively). It inhibits EGFR autophosphorylation and proliferation of NCI-H1975 cells containing L858R and T790M mutations. Uses: Antitumor agent. Synonyms: HKI 357; HKI357; HKI-357; (2E)-N-[[4-[[(3-Chloro-4-[(3-fluorophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]amino]-3-cyano-7-ethoxy-6-quinolinyl]-4-(dimethylamino)-2-butenamide. Grade: ≥98% by HPLC. CAS No. 848133-17-5. Molecular formula: C31H29ClFN5O3. Mole weight: 574.05.
HKI-357
HKI-357 is an irreversible dual inhibitor of EGFR and ERBB2. HKI-357 suppresses EGFR autophosphorylation (at Y1068), and AKT and MAPK phosphorylation. Uses: Designed for use in research and industrial production. Additional or Alternative Names: HKI-357; HKI357; HKI 357. Product Category: Inhibitors. Appearance: Solid powder. CAS No. 848133-17-5. Molecular formula: C31H29ClFN5O3. Mole weight: 574.05. Purity: >98%. IUPACName: (E)-N-(4-((3-chloro-4-((3-fluorobenzyl)oxy)phenyl)amino)-3-cyano-7-ethoxyquinolin-6-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enamide. Canonical SMILES: O=C(NC1=C(OCC)C=C2N=CC(C#N)=C(NC3=CC=C(OCC4=CC=CC(F)=C4)C(Cl)=C3)C2=C1)/C=C/CN(C)C. Product ID: ACM848133175. Alfa Chemistry ISO 9001:2015 Certified.
HKOCl-3
HKOCl-3 is a highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for detecting hypochlorous acid.Ex: 490 nm; Em 527 nm[1]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Fluorescent dye. CAS No. 2031170-80-4. Pack Sizes: 1 mg; 5 mg; 10 mg; 25 mg; 50 mg; 100 mg. Product ID: HY-130025.
HKOH-1r
HKOH-1r is a highly sensitive green fluorescent probe for the specific detection of ·OH in living cells with a maximum excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of 500 nm and 520 nm, respectively [1]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Fluorescent dye. CAS No. 2138472-08-7. Pack Sizes: 1 mg; 5 mg; 10 mg; 25 mg. Product ID: HY-D1159.
HKPerox-2
HKPerox-2 is a highly sensitive green fluorescent probe for the specific detection of H 2 O 2 in living cells with a maximum excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of 520 nm and 543 nm, respectively [2]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Fluorescent dye. CAS No. 2245230-79-7. Pack Sizes: 1 mg; 5 mg; 10 mg. Product ID: HY-D1157.
HKPLP
HKPLP is an antibacterial peptide isolated from Hippocampus kuda. Synonyms: Phe-Leu-Gly-Leu-Ile-Phe-His-Gly-Leu-Val-His-Ala-Gly-Lys-Leu-Ile-His-Gly-Leu-Ile-His-Arg-Asn-Arg-Gly. Grade: 96.1%.
HL 010183
HL 010183 is a metformin derivative exhibiting potent antitumor effect. It inhibits proliferation and invasion of Hs578T triple-negative (TN) breast cancer cells. Uses: Antitumor agent. Synonyms: HL 010183; HL010183; HL-010183. Grade: 99%. CAS No. 1429218-03-0. Molecular formula: C14H20N6.HCl. Mole weight: 308.81.
HL1
HL1 is a ligand for tridentate Schiff bases and is a potential fluorescent probe for metal ions. HL1 exhibits photoluminescence at a weak and strong excitation wavelength of 415 nm [1]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Signaling pathways. CAS No. 202828-10-2. Pack Sizes: 5 mg; 10 mg; 25 mg; 50 mg; 100 mg. Product ID: HY-164055.
HL-60 Electroporation Kit
Electroporation buffer optimized for HL60 Plasmacytoma Cells. Optimized electroporation protocol provided for transfection of si/miRNA, DNA, mRNA, and small proteins. Feature high transfection efficacy and cell viability. Uses: Electroporation of DNA, RNA, protein and small molecules. Product ID: 1752.
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain (232-240)
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain (232-240) is a bioactive peptide of HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain. HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. Synonyms: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DX beta chain (232-240); MHC class II antigen DQB2 (232-240).
H-L-Beta-homothr-oh hcl
H-L-Beta-homothr-oh hcl. Uses: Designed for use in research and industrial production. Additional or Alternative Names: (3R,4R)-3-Amino-4-hydroxypentanoic acid hydrochloride, 336182-14-0, L-beta-Homo-Thr-OH HCl, 03767_FLUKA, L-beta-Homothreonine hydrochloride, MolPort-003-925-341, AKOS006282796, AK-23909, BR-23909, KB-207532, W5530, (3R,4R)-3-AMINO-4-HYDROXYPENTANOIC ACID HCL. Product Category: Heterocyclic Organic Compound. CAS No. 336182-14-0. Molecular formula: C5H11NO3.HCl. Mole weight: 169.6. Purity: 0.95. IUPACName: (3R,4R)-3-amino-4-hydroxypentanoic acid;hydrochloride. Canonical SMILES: CC(C(CC(=O)O)N)O.Cl. Product ID: ACM336182140. Alfa Chemistry ISO 9001:2015 Certified.
HLCL61
HLCL61 is a potent and selective protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) inhibitor. It is used for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. It resulted in significantly increased expression of miR-29b and consequent suppression of Sp1 and FLT3 in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Uses: Hlcl61 is used for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Synonyms: HLCL-61; HLCL 61; 9-Ethyl-N-[(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-9H-carbazole-3-methanamine. Grade: 98%. CAS No. 586395-74-6. Molecular formula: C23H24N2O. Mole weight: 344.19.
HLCL-61 hydrochloride
The hydrochloride salt form of HLCL-61, an effective inhibitor of PRMT5, could probably useful in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Uses: The hydrochloride salt form of hlcl-61 is an effective inhibitor of prmt5 and could probably useful in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Synonyms: 1-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)methanamine hydrochloride; HLCL61; HLCL 61; HLCL-61. Grade: 98%. CAS No. 1158279-20-9. Molecular formula: C23H25ClN2O. Mole weight: 380.91.
HLCL65 hydrochloride
HLCL65 hydrochloride is a first-in-class inhibitor of PRMT5. HLCL65 selectively inhibits Th1 cell proliferation (IC50 value 1.1 μM). In vivo, HLCL65 suppresses recall T cell responses and reduces inflammation in delayed-type hypersensitivity and clinical disease in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse models; In vitro, HLCL65 effectively inhibits symmetric arginine dimethylation (me2) of histones H3 and H4 in AML samples. Synonyms: HLCL65 hydrochloride; HLCL 65 hydrochloride; HLCL-65 hydrochloride; 1-(6-bromo-9-ethylcarbazol-3-yl)-N-[(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]methanamine hydrochloride. Grade: 99%. Molecular formula: C23H23BrN2O.HCl. Mole weight: 459.81.
H-Leu-2-Chlorotrityl Resin
2-Chlorotrityl-Chloride-Resin is less acid-labile than Trityl Resin, and is widely used for solid phase immobilization. It has been used with the Fmoc/tBu methodology in the microwave-assisted solid phase peptide synthesis.
H-Leu-2-Cl-Trt Resin
Alfa Chemistry's amino acid 2-Cl-Trt resins are available in loadings ranging from 0.4 to 0.7 mmol/g. Since the linked amino acids are N-protected, these resins can be used without pretreatment. Group: Amino acid 2-cl-trt resins. Alternative Names: L-Leucine-2-chlorotrityl resin. Pack Sizes: 5g, 25g.
H-Leu-Gly-Leu-Leu-Leu-Arg-His-Leu-Arg-His-His-Ser-Asn-Leu-Leu-Ala-Asn-Ile-OH, the peptide sequence B18 derived from membrane-associated sea urchin sperm protein-binding proteins, triggers fusion between lipid vesicles. It has many similarities with viral fusion peptides. Grade: ≥95%. CAS No. 222557-92-8. Molecular formula: C94H160N32O22. Mole weight: 2090.48.
H-Leu-Gly-OH
H-Leu-Gly-OH is a Glycine (HY-Y0966) derivative [1]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Peptides. CAS No. 686-50-0. Pack Sizes: 1 g; 5 g; 10 g; 25 g; 100 g. Product ID: HY-W016075.
H-Leu-his-leu-oh
H-Leu-his-leu-oh. Uses: Designed for use in research and industrial production. Additional or Alternative Names: H-LEU-HIS-LEU-OH. Product Category: Heterocyclic Organic Compound. CAS No. 126828-33-9. Molecular formula: C18H31N5O4. Mole weight: 381.47. Product ID: ACM126828339. Alfa Chemistry ISO 9001:2015 Certified.
H-Leu-nh2. Uses: Designed for use in research and industrial production. Additional or Alternative Names: (R)-2-Amino-4-methylpentanamide; L-LEUCINE AMIDE; D-Leucine amide. Product Category: Heterocyclic Organic Compound. CAS No. 687-51-4. Molecular formula: C6H14N2O. Mole weight: 130.19. Purity: 0.96. IUPACName: (2S)-2-amino-4-methylpentanamide. Canonical SMILES: CC(C)CC(C(=O)N)N. ECNumber: 211-696-2. Product ID: ACM687514. Alfa Chemistry ISO 9001:2015 Certified.
H-Leu-OBzl.TOS
H-Leu-OBzl.TOS. CAS No: 1738-77-8
Sarchem Laboratories New Jersey NJ
H-Leu-ol-2-chlorotrityl resin
2-Chlorotrityl-Chloride-Resin is less acid-labile than Trityl Resin, and is widely used for solid phase immobilization. It has been used with the Fmoc/tBu methodology in the microwave-assisted solid phase peptide synthesis. Synonyms: H-Leu-ol-Trt(2-Cl)-Resin; H-Leu-ol-Barlos Resin; L-Leucinol 2-chlorotrityl resin.
H-Leu-OMe.HCl
H-Leu-OMe.HCl is a leucine derivative [1]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Peptides. CAS No. 7517-19-3. Pack Sizes: 500 g. Product ID: HY-W016427.
H-Leu-Phe-OMe TFA
H-Leu-Phe-OMe TFA. Synonyms: (S)-Methyl 2-((S)-2-amino-4-methylpentanamido)-3-phenylpropanoate 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate; L-Phenylalanine, N-L-leucyl-, Methyl ester, Mono(trifluoroacetate); H Leu Phe OMe TFA. CAS No. 90072-18-7. Molecular formula: C18H25F3N2O5. Mole weight: 406.40.
H-LEU-PRO-OH HCL
H-LEU-PRO-OH is a substrate for skin fibroblast prolidase. Synonyms: L-Leucyl-L-proline hydrochloride; (S)-1-((S)-2-Amino-4-methylpentanoyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid hydrochloride. Grade: >99%. CAS No. 87178-63-0. Molecular formula: C11H21ClN2O3. Mole weight: 264.75.
H-Leu-Pro-Pro-OH
H-Leu-Pro-Pro-OH, the proline-rich tripeptide, has ACE-inhibiting activity as IPP and VPP, with an IC50 of 9.6 μM. Synonyms: H-LPP-OH; L-leucyl-L-prolyl-L-proline; 1-(1-L-Leucyl-L-prolyl)-L-proline; leucyl-prolyl-proline. Grade: 95%. CAS No. 121305-26-8. Molecular formula: C16H27N3O4. Mole weight: 325.41.
H-Leu-Ser-p-nitro-Phe-Nle-Ala-Leu-OMe trifluoroacetate salt
H-Leu-Trp-OH, a natural product found in Trypanosoma brucei and Aeromonas veronii, is an ACE-inhibitory dipeptide with an IC50 of 6.6 μM. It is a substrate for aminopeptidase W (Km = 0.57 mM; kcat = 6770 min-1). Synonyms: H-LW-OH; L-leucyl-L-tryptophan; L-Leu-L-Trp-OH; (S)-2-((S)-2-Amino-4-methyl-pentanoylamino)-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-propionic acid. Grade: ≥95%. CAS No. 5156-22-9. Molecular formula: C17H23N3O3. Mole weight: 317.38.
hLF1-11
hLF1-11 is a synthetic peptide with potential antibacterial activity. Molecular formula: C56H95N25O14S1. Mole weight: 1374.6.
H-L-Hgn(Trt)-OH
H-L-Hgn(Trt)-OH.
HLI 373
HLI 373. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Purified. CAS No. 502137-98-6. Pack Sizes: 10mg, 50mg. US Biological Life Sciences.
Worldwide
HLI 373
HLI 373 is an inhibitor of Hdm2 ubiquitin ligase (E3) that blocks Hdm2-mediated ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of p53 and activates p53-dependent transcription. HLI 373 has a therapeutic effect in several tumor cell lines that express wild-type p53 such as LOX-IMVI, A549, HT1080 and U2OS. Synonyms: HLI373; HLI-373; HLI 373; NSC-373989; NSC 373989; NSC373989. 5-[[3-Dimethylamino)propyl]amino]-3,10-dimethylpyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline-2,4(3H,10H)-dione dihydrochloride. Grade: ≥99% by HPLC. CAS No. 502137-98-6. Molecular formula: C18H23N5O2.2HCl. Mole weight: 414.33.
HLI373 dihydrochloride
HLI373 dihydrochloride is an efficacious Hdm2 inhibitor. HLI373 dihydrochloride inhibits the ubiquitin ligase activity of Hdm2. HLI373 dihydrochloride is effective in inducing apoptosis of several tumor cells that are sensitive to DNA-damaging agents [1]. Antimalarial activity [2]. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Signaling pathways. CAS No. 1782531-99-0. Pack Sizes: 5 mg; 10 mg. Product ID: HY-108640A.
HLM006474 is an E2F transcription factor inhibitor that suppresses binding of DNA. It can promote cell differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Synonyms: HLM-006474; 7-[(4-ethoxy-3-methylphenyl)-(pyridin-2-ylamino)methyl]-2-methylquinolin-8-ol. Grade: >98%. CAS No. 353519-63-8. Molecular formula: C25H25N3O2. Mole weight: 399.48.
HLM006474
HLM006474 is a pan E2F inhibitor, which inhibits E2F4 DNA-binding with an IC50 of 29.8 ?M in A375 cells. Uses: Scientific research. Group: Signaling pathways. CAS No. 353519-63-8. Pack Sizes: 10 mM * 1 mL; 5 mg; 10 mg; 25 mg; 50 mg; 100 mg. Product ID: HY-16667.
HLM 006474
HLM 006474. Group: Biochemicals. Grades: Purified. CAS No. 353519-63-8. Pack Sizes: 10mg, 50mg. US Biological Life Sciences.